A Study of the European Society of Biomodulation and Chemotherapy
Alert organisms
Participating centers scan all specimen tested for the occurence of resistant phenotypes shown in the table below. The number of resistant phenotypes found and denominator data on the total number of specimen tested are reported monthly to the ESBiC Data Center in Munich where they are compiled, analyzed and published on this web site as well as in journals. Information gatherered on Alert organisms include patient demographics, antibiotic treatment, underlying disease and infections and various risk factors.
ORGANISM |
RESISTANT PHENOTYPE |
| b-haemolytic Streptococci | Erythromycin |
| Penicillin | |
| Glycopeptide | |
| Pneumococci | High level Penicllin |
| Low level Penicillin | |
| Erythromycin | |
| Glycopeptide | |
| Enterococci | b-lactamase |
| Glycopeptide | |
| High level Gentamicin/Streptomycin | |
| Haemophilus | Ciprofloxacin/4-fluoroquinolone |
| Ceftazidime/3rd- or 4th-generation cephalosporin | |
| b-lactamase | |
| Enterobacteriaciae | Ciprofloxacin/4-fluoroquinolone |
| Gentamicin/1st line aminoglycoside | |
| Extended spectrum b-lactamase | |
| Carbapenem | |
| Acinetobacter | Gentamicin/1st line aminoglycoside |
| Carbapenem | |
| Staphylococcus aureus | MRSA |
| Vancomycin | |
| Teicoplanin | |
| Cholera | Trimethoprim |
| Tetracycline | |
| Campylobacter | Ciprofloxacin |
| 2 drug combination | |
| Shigella | Ciprofloxacin |
| 2 drug combination | |
| Salmonella | Ciprofloxacin |
| 2 drug combination | |
| N. meningitidis | Penicillin |
| N. gonorrhoea | b-lactamase |
| Ciprofloxacin/4-fluoroquinolone | |
| Anaerobes | Augmentin/b-lactamase inhibitor combination |
| Carbapenem | |
| Metronidazole | |
| M. tuberculosis | 2 drug combination |
| coagulase negative Staphylococci | Vancomycin |
| Teicoplanin | |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Ceftazidime/4th generation cephalosporin |
| Piperacillin/Tazobactam | |
| Gentamicin/1st line aminoglycoside | |
ã ESBiC Datacenter Munich, 1999